If you're considering getting an MBA, you may have heard of MPA as an alternative. Although it's less popular than an MBA, an MPA can be a great choice and serve your goals even better.

In this article, we'll delve into the basics of an MPA, explain how it's different from an MBA, and what you can do with this degree.

What is an MPA?

An MPA is a Master of Public Administration degree that prepares you for a career in public service at a governmental or non-profit organization. This terminal degree is often considered an alternative to an MBA since both programs include business, financial, and project management.

How long does it take to get an MPA?

An MPA usually takes 2 years to complete for full-time students. However, part-time and online options are pretty popular in this field, which can make your studies as short as 18 months or as long as 5 years, depending on your pace.

MPA coursework

The list of classes differs among the programs and can largely depend on the specialization you choose. Generally, you can expect your courses to cover:

• Human resources
• Management
• Law
• Public policy and economics
• Professional development
• Ethics
• Marketing
• Accounting
• Non-profit governance

Additionally, most programs include a graduation project, like a thesis or a capstone project. Sometimes, you'll also be required to complete an internship unless you have relevant work experience.

MPA specializations

Apart from general programs, you can choose to focus on one area of interest. Here are some of the most popular specializations:

• Non-profit management
• Ethical leadership
• Local government management
• Gender and public policy
• Global Leadership and Management

MBA vs MPA

The main difference between an MBA and an MPA is in the purpose of the degree:

• An MBA is designed for people specifically interested in business management, entrepreneurship, or advancement to upper-management positions.
• An MPA, on the other hand, equips you to lead or manage federal, state, and local government, non-governmental organizations, and non-profits.

An MBA is more focused on business outcomes, understanding business concepts, and maximizing profit for the company and value for the customers. Even though the courses for both degrees are similar, MBA programs emphasize commercial applications.

In contrast, an MPA teaches you to primarily consider community outcomes and how to implement and promote solutions that would positively impact society. An MPA is the next career step for people striving to serve the community.

What can you do with an MPA?

As It's a terminal degree, many graduates choose to enter the workforce. An MPA degree is an excellent option for people in public or non-profit management. It can help you advance to a higher position, such as a financial director or a diplomat. Keep in mind that some jobs also require you to have a professional certification or a license.

Jobs and salary after an MPA

Most MPA graduates pursue careers in the public sector:

• City manager: A city manager supervises multiple departments within a city's municipal government, such as accounting, budgeting, and purchasing. The average annual salary for this job is $98,000.
• Urban and regional planner: Urban planners create plans to optimize the use and efficiency of a community's land and infrastructure. These professionals earn around $63,000 per year.
• Director of economic development: Economic development directors oversee key tasks related to advancing their company's economic growth. The average income for this position is $82,000 annually.
• Emergency management director: An emergency management director develops plans for protecting people and property from natural disasters or other emergencies. On average, they earn $80,000 per year.
• Policy analyst: Policy analysts change, adjust, or implement new public policies, regulations, and laws. This title can get you around $65,000 annually.

These professionals usually work in city halls, embassies, administrative offices, or law enforcement agencies.

If you're more interested in the non-profit sector, an MPA can also help you with that. You can be employed by charitable organizations, human rights groups, or public media and get these roles:

• Executive director: An executive director holds the top-level position in a non-profit and guides the entire organization. On average, they earn $75,000 annually.
• Development director: A development director is in charge of fundraisers and ensuring that the organization has the necessary financial resources. These professionals have an average annual income of $73,000.
• Public relations manager: A PR manager is responsible for maintaining and improving the organization's public image. The average annual salary for PR managers is $77,000.
• Marketing director: A marketing director coordinates all marketing projects across the organization. The average annual earnings for this position are $98,000.

Last but not least, the private sector employs MPA degree holders as well:

• Human resources manager: An HR manager oversees policies, procedures, and compliance related to employees for their company. On average, they earn $75,000 annually.
• Management analyst: Management analysts work closely with other departments to ensure efficiency and accuracy in all operations. This job can get you around $74,000 per year.
• Project manager: A project manager is in charge of all stages of a project: from planning to execution. On average, they have an annual salary of $73,000.

Note: Salary data is taken from Payscale.

Further education

According to Cornell Brooks School of Public Policy, about 11% of MPA graduates want to continue their education and pursue Doctorate programs in public administration, public policy, or related fields. This step can open the door to academia and research, allowing you to become a professor or lead research projects.

Conclusion

An MPA is a terminal degree for people who want to serve the community and work for a governmental or a non-profit organization. The program typically takes 2 years to complete and provides advanced knowledge in public administration and practical skills in management and leadership.

The program and career outcomes are different from those of an MBA. However, there's no clear line between the two. Some executives hold MPAs, and some MBA graduates work for the government or non-profits. Therefore, it's essential to explore what aligns best with your skills and interests.

Read more:

• What Does MBA Stand For?
• What Can You Do With a Business Degree?